The Town of Rehoboth was founded  1643 when the Reverend Samuel Newman established the settlement and erected the first meeting house at the Newman Congregational Church location on the east bank of the Ten Mile River, and called the town “Rehoboth” (Genesis 26:22).   As the town expanded, many of the descendants of the early settlers moved east of the Palmer River, some distance from Newman Congregational Church.  Wanting to worship regularly, they petitioned the General Court in Boston to have the town divided into two precincts for the support of the ministry.  The Pastor, Reverend David Turner, and ten founding members of the new congregation completed the meeting house and the Palmer River Church on Lake Street was organized on November 29, 1721.   The original meeting house of the new congregation was later replaced with the Yellow Meeting House located  at the current Rehoboth Village Cemetery.   Church growth necessitated the building of the Rehoboth Congregational Church at the current location on Bay State Road in the Village. ​

The Second Precinct Palmer River Meeting House of Rehoboth (RCC’s predecessor) commenced building in 1717 after approval of the General Court in Boston.   It was a challenging time as the First Church (Newman Congregational) was building a new meeting house and had to relinquish 50 British pounds for this Second Precinct building as well as the cost of 100 British pounds for the minister.  The First Church also gave their old pulpit as well as wood from that Church for the facing of the gallery of the Palmer River Meeting House which was completed in 1721 and worship in it began.

​By 1773 The Palmer River Meeting House had served  the congregation for over 50 years.  Reverend Turner had passed and was buried in the Burial Ground adjacent to the Meeting House (his original stone is preserved in the Rehoboth Congregational Church).    The Palmer River Congregation was now  independent from the Newman Congregation. The Meeting House building needed substantial repairs and there was also a need for a larger and more centrally located Meeting House.  An increase in the population in the area included settlers north and northeast of the Lake Street location.  A new meeting house was built on Bay State Road where the current Village Cemetery is located.   It was called the Yellow Meeting House and was occupied by 1775.  

The ‘Yellow Meeting House’ was 50 feet long by 40 feet ‘in wedth’.  It had a high pulpit reached by a spiral staircase and the Deacons seats were nearby.  There were two levels of windows and pews with pillows but no bell or steeple.  The pews were ‘auctioned’ to the highest bidder.  Men were in the southwest corner and women in the southeast corner. Women brought coal or brick in small foot stoves to provide heat as stoves were not installed until the winter of 1819.  The Yellow Meeting House served the Congregation  for 66 years. 

In 1839 the current Rehoboth Congregational Church was built on land donated by Jonathan Wheaton. It was occupied in 1839 and the old meeting house was sold and turned into a barn.  The new church was built at the cost of $3800 and as was the tradition at the time, the pews were sold to members.  A parsonage was also built down the road in 1849.  It was a church property until about 12 years ago.